How to Write Good Topics to Write About For a Cause and Effect Essay

<h1>How to Write Good Topics to Write About For a Cause and Effect Essay</h1><p>If you need to compose a decent theme to expound on for a circumstances and logical results article, it is a savvy thought to think of point thoughts that apply to your objective subject. Not all points are the equivalent, so consider whether you might want to do an exposition on a theme that is anything but a regularly thought of one that is identified with your branch of knowledge. Finding the correct point for a paper can be a difficult errand, yet realizing how to pick the correct one can make your exposition look good.</p><p></p><p>There are two fundamental sorts of themes to expound on for a circumstances and logical results article - points that apply to the branch of knowledge that you are expounding on, and subjects that identify with the subject that you are expounding on. A decent method to begin is to discover what sorts of themes are utilized in diffe rent kinds of expositions. Make a rundown of the considerable number of words that are regularly utilized in scholastic papers, at that point experience this rundown and attempt to envision what your theme would be. Do this activity at any rate twice or thrice to get the hang of it.</p><p></p><p>Good themes to expound on for a circumstances and logical results paper can either be hard or simple. The harder subjects will include both immediate and circuitous impacts. Great points to expound on for a circumstances and logical results exposition can incorporate such subjects as in the case of making something happen had a negative or beneficial outcome, circumstances and end results that are brought about by a specific occasion, or themes that depend on science.</p><p></p><p>Any of these points to expound on for a circumstances and logical results paper can make a decent point to expound on for a circumstances and logical results article. It is significant that you think of a point that has both immediate and roundabout impacts, since this will give you some establishing when composing your paper. A few instances of points to expound on for a circumstances and logical results article incorporate whether one reason can influence the lives of numerous individuals, regardless of whether one occasion could end the life of a specific individual, or the connection among circumstances and logical results. For instance, in the event that one reason can end the life of an individual, it is likely applicable to your topic.</p><p></p><p>Another great point to expound on for a circumstances and logical results article is one that identifies with one of the subject regions you have picked. For instance, on the off chance that you composed an investigation of the impacts of a specific medication on ladies, you might need to expound on the impacts that a specific occasion had on the lives of certain ladies, and how it is identified with the topic that you are expounding on. You can likewise expound on the impact that cause has on the lives of certain individuals, by utilizing a model from your examination to clarify what the reasons for the occasion are. The more broad your theme is, the simpler it will be to depict in an essay.</p><p></p><p>Writing an impact exposition can be somewhat more troublesome than a run of the mill article, since you should show how the impact of the point has influenced another person, and there are a ton of components that you should consider. The greatest test obviously is thinking of a decent point that has both immediate and aberrant impacts. Discovering themes that identify with a particular point zone and are identified with the subject that you are expounding on can help.</p><p></p><p>In short, composing an impact article can be a difficult errand, yet on the off chance that you keep a receptive outlook and remain centered, it ought not be excessively troublesome. What's more, in the event that you need to be increasingly imaginative, you can consider concocting points to expound on for a circumstances and logical results exposition that are identified with an alternate subject area.</p>

Ethnicity and College Acceptance - 748 Words

This has become a hot topic, mainly involving the University of Texas at Austin. Several students have filed complaints over the years and even tried to sue this university for being rejected, they say it’s because of their race. But here’s the real question: â€Å"Should college be allowed to accept and reject people based on their race? Is it an unfair advantage or disadvantage? Or is it important to create a diverse learning environment?† (Fernandez) This question can be answered on an agreeing and disagreeing side. For many reasons. Colleges should have diversity. Diversity allows people to learn and understand other cultures, religions, and different backgrounds. It also makes for great conversation. For example, say you are teaching a room full of white people and you are learning about slavery, the holocaust, or Japanese Internment camps. All you know about these subjects are what the books and internet say. If you had a person in your class with family or ancestors that endured these times it makes for a better learning and understanding environment. â€Å"Two-thirds of Americans believe college applicants should be admitted solely based on merit, even if that results in few minorities being admitted, while 28% believe an applicants racial and ethnic background should be taken into account to promote diversity on college campuses†.(Jones) The question still stands: Speaking hypothetically, What happens if a college gets 50 applicants and 30 of them have outstanding meritsShow MoreRelatedAffirmative Action : Discrimination And Ethnicity Essay1459 Words   |  6 Pageshis essay, Sandel asks whether it is unjust to consider race and ethnicity as factors in university admissions. He expresses the argument that using race and ethnicity as factors are not effective in achieving the goals of affirmative action, and that other criteria such as economic class would help more students in need. I disagree with this argument and instead believe that it is just for race/ethnicity to be a factor in college admissions. One of the reasons affirmative action has been put intoRead MoreHigh Rigor Courses At Englewood High School941 Words   |  4 Pagespost-secondary education. Research has indicated that a rigorous high school curriculum is a strong predictor of college success and is positively related to standardized test scores, college enrollment rates, four-year graduation rates and negatively related to remediation rates. Additionally, students taking high rigor coursework receive several benefits in their postsecondary careers as college students including the ability to prove to universities that they have the ability to succeed in high rigorRead MoreAffirmative Action Is The Perfect Plan1173 Words   |  5 Pagesand/ or employment (Affirmative Action). In today’s age affirmative action is creating â€Å"reverse racism† due to colleges and universities wanting more diversity in their schools, setting white people at an unfair disadvantage. During the 1960’s, implementin g race-based affirmative action was the perfect plan, giving diverse people an equal opportunity towards being accepted into colleges and universities. While some might argue diversity cannot survive within the U.S university system without race-basedRead MorePerception Of Self, Discrimination, And Failure Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pagesthis identity does not allow for acceptance is specialized social groups. For students in college, particularly those who are a type of minority, it is important to be able to identify yourself with others, as to do so allows sharing of personal experiences with those who understand you in a space where many may not. This fear of being unable to identify with any one group causes many to distinguish themselves from others on the racial basis for the sake of acceptance into a specialized social groupRead MoreIndividual Identity Is Constructed By Many Things, Ranging1598 Words   |  7 Pagesthis identity does not allow for acceptance in specialized social groups. For students in college, particularly those who are a type of minority, it is important to be able to identify yourself with others, as to do so allows sharing of personal experiences with those who understand you in a space where many may not. This fear of being unable to identify with any one group causes many to distinguish themselves from others on the racial basis for the sake of acceptance into a specialized social groupRead MoreCampus Size And Its Impact On Student s Education853 Words   |  4 Pagesespecially those who are preparing for college, don’t fully understand the differences between and public and private university. They don’t realize that they are quite some similarities between the two, but also have different characteristics that distinguish them apart. Public universities, like ASU, are known for having a higher acceptance rate, but could not always be good since they’re not precise on what students they accept. Private uni versity Lake Forest College, who has higher academic requirementsRead MoreComparing The American Academy Of Dramatic Arts And The University Of California1183 Words   |  5 Pages There are a lot of colleges and academies in the United States, but just a few have good rankings. These schools with good rankings have to have good teachers, good, students, and a good variety of courses. The American Academy of Dramatic Arts and The University of California (L.A.) are 2 good colleges to study dramatic arts, and film in the United States. Both schools have similarities and differences. Here I am going to be comparing both colleges, and later I will choose which is the best. Read MoreCultural Diversity1212 Words   |  5 Pagesdiversity that I was previously unaware of. Granted, I have always had at least a tolerance towards other cultures and ethnicities that were different from my own, but this class has helped me to learn more about those cultures and taught me to have more of an acceptance for those cultures rather than just tolerating them. I have also learned that all cultures, races, and ethnicities should have the chance to be understood and accepted for who they are, rather than what the media portrays them as. SoRead MoreDiversity in Higher Education1432 Words   |  6 Pagesinclusiveness - ethnic variety, as well as socioeconomic and gender variety, in a group, society, or institution† (Soukhanov, 1999). As important as diversity is tolerance. Encarta World English Dictionary defines tolerance as, â€Å"acceptance of different views - the acceptance of the differing views of other people, e.g. in religious or political matters, and f airness toward the people who hold these different views† (Soukhanov, 1999). The following is a definition of diversity in higher education, descriptionRead MoreStructural Diversity Within A Community859 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent purposes for European Americans as it does to African Americans, Asian Americans or Latin Americans. In Bowman’s (2012) study of structural diversity in college, results concluded that structural diversity, in an equally diverse institution, positively influenced the European American group of students at that particular college. This means that European Americans from this diverse school seem to form interracial friendships or relationships as a result of structural diversity. Furthermore

How to Find an Easy Research Paper Outline

<h1>How to Find an Easy Research Paper Outline</h1><p>Some may think about how to locate a simple research paper layout. Maybe you have just been approached to compose a blueprint for an undertaking or you are right now composing your own paper. There are some fundamental tips that can help make your paper simpler to write.</p><p></p><p>First, make sense of what the diagram is for and stick to it. It isn't important to utilize every last bit of it in your paper. In the event that you have more thoughts that you need to incorporate however can't get them on the page or possibly fire them up, you may need to cut some of them out.</p><p></p><p>Second, don't drive yourself to do the subtleties you don't have to do and the venture needs. For whatever length of time that you adhere to the framework, your composing ought to be smooth and simple. Perhaps the best thing about utilizing a framework is that it will control you. A s you become acquainted with the blueprints that are out there, you can without much of a stretch use them to your advantage.</p><p></p><p>Third, consistently settle on sure you have an official choice before you start. On the off chance that you are settling on what number of pages you will have for your paper, guarantee you have chosen the quantity of pages you have to compose and what number of you have intended to compose. By following the correct heading, you will abstain from including additional pages later. The diagram is significant in this case.</p><p></p><p>Fourth, to get a thought of what number of pages to forget about or put in an additional room, put the entirety of the pages you may need to remember for one last page. Try not to compose a similar number of pages twice since you would prefer not to come up short on paper when you finish. Be that as it may, the last page ought to be what you feel is the last page. It is t he last page that will contain the entirety of the data you should have the option to portray and finish up your paper.</p><p></p><p>Finally, whenever you wind up needing a framework, don't spare a moment to utilize it. You may find that you would prefer not to compose another diagram for another venture, yet a blueprint is critical to the point that you can't stand to disregard it. Take advantage of the layout you as of now have by utilizing it. Doubtlessly, you will utilize it for your next paper or regardless of whether you are as of now composing one.</p><p></p><p>An layout isn't just an extraordinary instrument to make composing simpler, yet a diagram is an examination device itself. When you get settled with a layout, you will probably find that you will have the option to utilize it for your other research papers. As you show signs of improvement at utilizing a framework, you will find that composing is a breeze.</p>

College Essay Examples From Stanford - Tips To Choose An Effective One

<h1>College Essay Examples From Stanford - Tips To Choose An Effective One</h1><p>Essay tests from Stanford are generally utilized by understudies, instructors and school exposition editors. They have a wide assortment of accommodating expositions for various subjects and themes. They are accessible in an assortment of arrangements for imprinting on most standard typesetting hardware, and can be found at practically any major bookstore.</p><p></p><p>These exposition tests are made for each subject you would ever consider. A few models are intended for some, various themes, including arithmetic, history, nature, writing, music, social examinations, legislative issues, theory, geology, financial aspects, law, business, humanism, brain science, open undertakings, measurements, and others. The kinds of article themes they spread incorporate first-individual pronouns, aloof voice, the exposition's perspective, and others. The points additionally g o from history to topography to math to history to English, etc.</p><p></p><p>Using these article tests is significant on the off chance that you will compose an exposition on anything you pick. One thing that individuals typically disregard when composing a school exposition is the way they word their first passage. At the point when the peruser can peruse the primary section, it is frequently hard to make sense of what the fundamental thought of the article is. So as to ensure that your perusers comprehend the essential thoughts of your article, you ought to have the early on passage composed before the primary sentence or section of your paper.</p><p></p><p>Many understudies think about this equivalent rule and revise first experience with make it progressively alluring. This can prompt incredible accomplishment with the final product being a fruitful paper. You can experience and search for the best model in the class and use it fo r this purpose.</p><p></p><p>Another significant point to recall when you are composing an article is the presentation and end. These two passages are the greater part of your paper and are the fundamental focal point of your article. It is significant that you cautiously decide the structure for these two passages so as to ensure they are composed appropriately and don't mess up your writing.</p><p></p><p>Before you get into your starting section, it is imperative to choose which sort of keeping in touch with you are going to utilize. This will mention to you what kind of style you will follow. On the off chance that you need to utilize a run of the mill paper type, at that point you might need to discover an example to concentrate first and ensure you comprehend what you are doing.</p><p></p><p>Learning viable language and composing are likewise significant. For example, one mix-up that numerous understudies m ake is to compose something that is muddled rather than basically not utilizing an appropriate type of language structure. A large portion of the understudies will invest their whole energy and exertion attempting to compose articles that have impeccable language structure however this is a bogus and is a genuine misuse of time.</p><p></p><p>College exposition tests from Stanford are commonly hard to track down. In any case, by comprehending what to search for you will have the option to pick the best one for your necessities. In this way, don't sit tight for your school paper!</p>

Heres What I Know About What Are Some Good Essay Topics for College

<h1> Here's What I Know About What Are Some Good Essay Topics for College </h1> <h2>Type of What Are Some Good Essay Topics for College </h2> <p>Moral factious paper points are a couple of the most straightforward to become overly energetic with. An enlightening exposition is a paper that will undoubtedly introduce some type of nitty gritty information on a particular subject. In general, you can see that composing a convincing exposition isn't a cerebrum medical procedure. A pugnacious article is a particular sort of scholastic composition. </p> <p>In this sort of circumstance, it's increasingly helpful to find instant papers and use them for instance. Finding great paper points you may examine viably and make incredible factious articles is a difficult work. In any case, making sense of the perfect point for your exposition isn't your solitary worry for an understudy. Late pugnacious exposition themes that are identified with society is going to do.</p> <h2> How to Get Started with What Are Some Good Essay Topics for College? </h2> <p>Experienced and mindful When you utilize a specialist article essayist at our administration, you get a chance to help out a person, who has a fantastic instructive foundation. Besides, our record is affirmed. F. Bacon The principle aim of the capital isn't to get however much cash as could be expected, yet to ensure that cash creates a superior life. </p> <p>The cost of an exposition rides on the aggregate sum of exertion the essayist needs to apply. Seeing how to make a solid factious paper can assist you with propelling your own one of a kind pugnacious reasoning. Motivation to make your own promoting or media contentious article subjects isn't difficult to find. It is a sort of scholastic paper that requires significant information on broke down issue and a major rundown of closely-held convictions and realities. </p> <p>Even should you have to buy look into paper done in 6 hours, you can depend on us. Notwithstanding what bit of thinking of you are doled out at your establishment, the far reaching paper must be intriguing to peruse. To make a solid contentious article, understudies should begin by acquainting themselves with some of the normal, and much of the time clashing, positions on the examination subject so they can compose an informed paper. Each understudy who might want to execute an extraordinary scholastic paper can utilize referenced subjects and model factious article to accomplish a praiseworthy work. </p> <p>Remember your exposition is tied in with tackling issues, consequently an answer should be a feature of the article. Continuously offer you solid arrangement and explain to your peruser why it's the ideal arrangement. Clarify why the issue is crucial. State issue and clarify why an answer ought to be made sense of. </p> <h2>The Pain of What Are So me Good Essay Topics for College </h2> <p>Some people live their lives as per their religion while some don't figure you should calculate that dynamic with respect to deciding guidelines for everyone. Give close consideration to everything electronic, and you will be sure to discover something begging to be proven wrong of what you see. The best techniques to acknowledge the general public and assist it with turning out to be acknowledge you. At the point when you're picking your subject, remember that it's a lot more straightforward to expound on something which you by and by have intrigue ineven on the off chance that you don't have the foggiest idea about a lot about it. </p> <p>Bear at the top of the priority list, the purpose of the papers is to exhibit the confirmations officials something they can't collect from the rest of your application. In spite of the theme you settled on a choice to approach, it is better that you share your work with the class or educator, anyway unnerving it may be. The absolute initial step is the place an enormous number of understudies become stuck. Furthermore, it would appear that school program has been created for some super-people, since you can't stand the stream. </p> <p>You don't have to secure very specialized with lawful pugnacious papers, yet remember to get your work done on what the current laws about your favored subject really state. At the point when it has to do with composing a pugnacious article, the fundamental issue to do is to choose a subject and a contention you can truly get behind. The point must be intriguing, the theme must be fundamental lastly the subject must be useful. 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When you get a thought, the act of composing will be a lot easier. It is conceivable to likewise rehash the thoughts you have talked about in the body sections so as to come to your meaningful conclusion legitimate. </p> <h2> All About What Are Some Good Essay Topics for College</h2> <p>Essay is definitely not a four-letter wordthough you may want to utilize a few your own when the time has come to keep in touch with one. Our journalists consistently make one of a kind substance that is thoroughly liberated from all linguistic blunder. Distinguishing an issue and proposing at least one arrangements should be a significant perspective in your paper. Your postulation should be pertinent so the guide can utilize a structure that is adaptable so as to fit in the shoes of the perusers. </p>

Bowen Family Systems free essay sample

Bowen Family System Theory Introduction In doing my studies on family/systemic counselling, I found Bowen’s theory intriguing. In my work and everyday life, I witness triangulation on a daily basis, from my own experience, without the awareness from this module, I was often entwined in triangulation. As a trainee therapist I decided to write my paper on Bowenian Therapy in order to gain a better understanding and develop my awareness. Murray Bowen, M. D. (31 January 1913 9 October 1990) was an American psychiatrist and a professor in Psychiatry at the Georgetown University. Bowen was among the pioneers of family therapy and founders of systemic therapy. â€Å"The family systems theory is a theory introduced by Dr. Murray Bowen that suggests that individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another, but rather as a part of their family, as the family is an emotional unit. Families are systems of interconnected and interdependent individuals, none of whom can be understood in isolation from the system† (Genopro. com 18/11/2010) Bowen’s interest in family began as he was practicing as a psychiatrist in the 1940s. He focused on schizophrenic patient’s emotional relationships with their mothers. Others have called it a symbiosis relationship, but for him it was only an exaggerated natural process of emotional relationship. In 1954 he started to hospitalize the entire family of the sick (schizophrenic) person. He found out that the entire family suffered with the sick person emotionally. He also studied the relationship between mother-child symbioses. This involved a certain repetitive pattern, where he observed alternating patterns of closeness and distance. They portrayed sensitive emotional tensions caused by separation anxiety and incorporation anxiety. In 1959 he started working with families with less severe problems. Surprisingly these families displayed the same problems as the disturbed families. He concluded that there is no discontinuity between the normal and disturbed families but vary along a continuum line of emotional fusion to differentiation. Bowen was one of the first to realize that the history of our family creates a template which shapes the values, thoughts, and experiences of each generation, as well as how that generation passes down these things to the next generation. Bowens theory focuses on the balance of two forces togetherness and individuality. Too much togetherness can prevent individuality, or developing ones own sense of self whereas too much individuality results in a distant and estranged family. The theory looks at the family as a system and describes the complex interactions that exist in any one unit. The way members of a family are connected and the way they react to one another makes the functioning of family members interdependent. According to the theory, mental illness happens as a result of emotional fusion. This can happen when there is an increase in the level of emotions and anxiety in the family. Bowen introduced eight interlocking concepts to explain family development and functioning. Below I will provide an overview of each concept. Differentiation of Self The first concept is Differentiation of Self, or the ability to separate feelings and thoughts. Undifferentiated people can not separate feelings and thoughts; They have difficulty thinking logically because when asked to think they are flooded with feelings, so this makes It difficult for them to base their responses on their own logical thinking. They also have difficulty differentiating between their feelings and the feelings of others. They look to their family to define how they think about issues, feel about people, and interpret their experiences. Differentiation is the process of freeing yourself from your familys processes to define yourself so you can have different opinions and values than your family members, but are still capable of staying emotionally connected to them. It means being able to calmly reflect on a conflicted interaction afterward, realising your wn role in it, and then choosing a different response for the future. Triangles Triangles are the basic units of systems. They balance between closeness and distance. The third person or party brings unity and creates continuity in warring situation. The triangle brings stressed person into a manageable level of operation. This involves true listening and gives a true advice for a better solution. In it virtually all relationships are shadowed by third parti es. For example when a couple have an argument, afterwards, one of the partners may call their friend to talk about the fight. The third person helps them reduce their anxiety and take action, or calm their strong emotions and reflect, and make decision. People who are more undifferentiated are likely to triangulate others and be triangulated whereas people who are differentiated cope well with life and relationship stress, and as a result are less likely to triangulate others or be triangulated. The Nuclear Family Emotional Process These are the emotional patterns in a family that continue over generations. This involves a modeling scenario where a family member models and imitates the behaviour and even the language of his or her parents. For example, a parent who teaches his or her children to be happy when things are ok and sad when things are bad shapes the future thinking of those children. Here the parent passes on an emotional view of the world (the emotional process), which is taught throughout generation from parent to a child, in a nuclear family. Reactions to this process can range from open conflict, to physical or emotional problems in one family member, to reactive distancing. This will bring problems with family members like substance abuse, mental illness and irresponsibility. The Multigenerational Transmission Process This process entails the way family emotional processes are transferred and maintained over generations. This captures how the whole family joins in The Family Projection Process, for example, by reinforcing the beliefs of the family. As the family continues this pattern over generations, they also refer back to previous generations (Hes just like his Uncle he was always irresponsible too or Shes just like your cousin Mary she was divorced four times. ). Sibling Position Bowen believed In sibling order and that each child had a place in the family hierarchy. He believed that the oldest sibling was more likely to be seen as overly responsible and mature whilst the youngest as overly irresponsible and immature. Emotional Cut-off Emotional cut-off refers to the techniques people use to reduce anxiety from their unresolved emotional issues with parents, siblings, and other members from the family of origin. Some people seek distance either by moving away physically or emotionally using silence, diversion or avoidance of difficult and hurtful topics. To avoid sensitive issues, they may move away from their families and refuse to go home regularly. This strategy may work in the short term to reduce immediate anxiety but over time, the deeper, unresolved problems are toxic towards other relationships. An open relationship is the opposite of emotional cut-off. It is the best way to reduce a familys over-all anxiety. Continued low anxiety permits family members who would like to, to begin the slow steps to better differentiation. Bowen wrote, It might be difficult for a family with severe cut-offs to begin more emotional contact with the extended family, but any effort toward reducing the cut-off with the extended family will soften the intensity of the family problem, reduce the symptoms, and make any kind of therapy far more productive. Societal Emotional Processes The concept of societal emotional process describes how the emotional system governs behaviour on a societal level, promoting both progressive and regressive periods in a society. Cultural forces are important in how a society functions but are insufficient for explaining the rise and fall in how well societies adapt to the challenges that face them. The society’s attitudes towards for example different races, cl asses, genders and sexual orientation, have definite effects on the family. In many ways, this is like the Family Projection Process scaled up to the level of a society as a whole. The way a family deals with prejudice, discrimination and persecution is instinctively passed on to their children so that they can survive in their unique environment. The coping practices of the parents and extended family may lead to more or less adaptive emotional health for the family and its members. Normal Family Development According to Bowen, all families lie along a continuum. Bowen believed that all families lie on a spectrum or continuum and that it is difficult to try to classify families into types. If circumstances change, one type of family could change and become another type of family. For this reason, Bowen is credited with being one of the first culturally sensitive family therapists. A normal, adjusted family will have tensions and anxieties but will be balanced in terms of their togetherness and differentiation. A normal family will have good emotional balance and recognise that some problems are external and others come from the individual. There are connections between the different generations in the family and also to the extended family. The transitions for example from adolescence to adulthood are smooth and supported by the wider family. Past pains and joys are shared. Bowen says no matter how we transform and forget the past, these memories of our relationship, still stay alive in us. The danger is the way our former family attachment will shape our new family. At various times difficulties in different relationships, sometimes called dyads, are resolved without drawing in others into their difficulties. The ability to tolerate and support family members with different views supports differentiation and is a sign of a healthy family. Awareness of external societal influences as well as the unique family influences helps a family to become well adjusted. During times of grief and loneliness for example, family members give space and allow the person opportunity to grow. A positive emotional atmosphere with a belief in the virtues of family builds normal family development. Finally, when family members depend on each ther for feedback and support rather than in co-dependent ways, the family develops healthily. Family Disorders Bowen believed that family problems result from emotional fusion, or from an increase in the level of anxiety in the family. He believed that the member with the symptom is the least differentiated member of the family, and is the one who has the least ability to resist the pull to become fused with another member. This person absorbs the anxiety and worries of t he whole family and has the least ability to separate their own thoughts and feelings from those of their family. Families face two kinds of problems. Vertical problems are passed down from one generation to the next. Thus, adults who had cold and distant relationships with their parents do not know how to have warm and close relationships with their children, and so pass down their own problems to their children. Horizontal problems are caused by environmental stressors or transition points in the family development. This may result from traumas such as a chronic illness, the loss of the family home, or the death of a family member. However, horizontal stress may also result from Social Emotional Processes, such as when a minority family moves from a like-minority neighbourhood to a very different neighbourhood, or when a family with traditional gender roles immigrates to a culture with very different views, and must raise their children there. The worst case for the family is when vertical and horizontal problems happen at once. Goals of Therapy Bowen’s therapy was not aimed at changing people or solving problems, it was basically geared towards: †¢ Helping families to inquire and explore their own roles in family problems Making them assume responsibility for their own problems†¢ People learning more about themselves and their relationships †¢ Decreasing emotional reactivity†¢ Improving self-focus †¢ Modifying dysfunctional patterns †¢ Evaluating progress of the family in terms of how they function now, as well as how adaptive they can be to future changes In general, the t herapist accomplishes this by giving less attention to specific problem they present with, and more attention to family patterns of emotions and relationships, as well as family structures of dyads and triangles. Techniques that are most prominent in the practice of Bowenian family systems therapy. Genogram: Bowen used what he termed a â€Å"family diagram† to collect and organise important data concerning the multigenerational family systems. In 1972 Guerin renamed the family diagram the â€Å"genogram. † The main function of the genogram is to organise data during the evaluation phase and to track relationship processes and key triangles over the course of therapy. In the process of assessment, the following are noted: the history of the presenting problems, exact dates are noted, history of the nuclear family, when the parents met, their courtship, their marriage, child rearing, where the family lived especially in relation to the location of the extended family, history of both spouses birth, sibling positions, facts about childhood, past and current functioning with parents The Therapy Triangle: This technique is based on the theoretical assumption that conflictual relationship processes within the family have activated key-symptom-related triangles in an attempt to re-establish stability; and the family will automatically attempt to include the therapist in the triangling process. If they succeed, therapy will be stalemated. On the other hand, if the therapist can remain free of reactive emotional entanglements, in other words, stay detriangled ,the family system and its members will calm down to the point where they can begin to work out s olutions to their dilemmas. Relationship Experiments: Relationship experiments are carried out around structural altercations in key triangles. The goal is to help the family members become aware of systems processes and learn to recognise their role in them. Thomas F. Fogarty developed experiments for use with emotional pursuers and distancers (lartin-drake. com 28/12/2010). Pursuers are encouraged to restrain their pursuit, stop making demands, and decrease pressure for emotional connection and see what happens in themselves and in the relationship. The exercise isn’t designed to be a magic cure, as some people have hoped, but to help clarify the emotional processes involved. Distancers are encouraged to move toward the other person and communicate personal thoughts and feelings, in other words, to find an alternative to either avoiding or capitulating to the others’ demands. Coaching: Coaching is the Bowenian alternative to the more emotionally involved role common to most other forms of therapy. By acting as a coach, the Bowenian therapist hopes to avoid taking over for patients or becoming embroiled in family triangles. The goal is increased understanding, increased self-focus, and more functional attachment to key family members. The I-Position: Taking a personal stand, saying what you feel, instead of what others are â€Å"doing†, is one of the most direct ways to break cycles of emotional reactivity. Bowenian therapists not only encourage clients to take I-Position, they also do so themselves. Another assumption in Bowenian therapy is that confrontation increases anxiety and decreases the ability to think clearly and see options. Therefore, displacing the focus, making it less personal and less threatening, is an excellent way to increase objectivity. This forms the basis for two related techniques, multiple family therapy and displacement stories. Conclusion In conclusion I believe that Bowen developed a comprehensive theory of family therapy which inspired generations. His theory describes how the family shapes the interplay of individuality and togetherness using six interlocking concepts which are: differentiation of self, triangles, nuclear family emotional process, family projection process, multigenerational transmission process and sibling position. In 1970 Bowen added two additional concepts: emotional cut-off and societal emotional process. Bowenian therapy is a process of active inquiry in which the therapist helps family members get past blaming and fault finding in order to face their own roles in family problems. The goals of Bowenian therapy are not to change people or to solve their problems. Instead they see therapy as an opportunity for people to learn more about themselves and their relationships so that they can assume responsibility for their own problems. Contents Introduction Differentiation of Self The Nuclear Family Emotional Process Triangles The Multigenerational Transmission Process Sibling Position Emotional Cut-off Societal Emotional Processes Normal Family Development Family Disorders Goals of Therapy Conclusion Bibliography Bibliography http://www. abacon. com/famtherapy/bowen. html (14/12/2010) http://www. anzjft. om/pages/articles/78. pdf (14/12/2010) http://www. bukisa. com/articles/293438_what-is-the-concept-of-bowen-family-therapyixzz14iOkMQpM (16/12/2010) http://www. genopro. com/genogram/fam ily-systems-theory/ (22/10/2010) http://www. houd. info/bowenTheory. pdf (22/10/2010) http://www. lartin-drake. com/distancer. pdf (22/10/2010) Bibliography http://www. abacon. com/famtherapy/bowen. html http://www. psychpage. com/learning/library/counseling/bowen. html http://www. bukisa. com/articles/293438_what-is-the-concept-of-bowen-family-therapy http://www. thebowencenter. org/ http://homepages. wmich. edu/~macdonal/SW 6680. 05/Friedman. Bow Contents Introduction

Plan Australia Policy Paper on Child Abuse - Neglect and Exploitation

Question: Identify policy issue, purpose, context for the issue, mandate and key social concerns. Answer: The Plan Australians unequivocal trust, effort and commitment to the principle Provided in Article 19 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is formally expressed in this policy statement. The requirement to ensure that all children have a right to be protected cared for and should not be exposed to any forms of violence, abuse, maltreatment, neglect and exploitation anywhere in Australia despite their vulnerability. The children are exposed to risks of abuse, neglect, harm and exploitation during the implementation of aid and development activities and coordinating child consultations and participation activities. The objectives of this policy paper include the affirmation to the universally accepted principle that in all situations children have the freedom and right to be protected, provided for and to live freely from any kind harm, exploitation and abuse. Further, this policy guarantees that every individual working for Plan Australia in capacity as a Director, partners, staff, volunteers, and any other capacity comprehends and commits himself to this principle, make sure that there are processes and procedures that guarantee protection of the child are implemented by Plan Australia and cases of exposure of children into contact with other individuals is closely supervised and regulated in order to protect majorly the child from situations that would otherwise compromise his or her safety and freedom and also to ensure protection of the adult individuals from situations that could lead him into committing an action that would be deemed to be against the policy of Plan Australia. The justification for protecting children from abuse, neglect and exploitation, there is justification for ensuring protection of children globally from harm, abuse, neglect and exploitation. Cases of children being engaged in exploitative work including commercial sexual exploitation are rampant worldwide. The childrens vulnerability towards these vices is aggravated by their disability, desolation, misplacement or abandonment or otherwise. the occurrence of events involving emergency and disaster situations will definitely increase the chances of children being exposed and vulnerable to the abuses, neglect, harm and other exploitation by the fact that they are separated from their parents or dependents who should provide for them. The normal development of children who undergo such inhuman and barbaric situations are most likely interfered with probably having a long term impact including incurring mental health problems, low level of performance in school, increase in the chances of the child engaging in drug and substance abuse and criminal activities. The normal development of the abused and exploited child is greatly compromised. The acknowledgement by the international community of adults formal roles and responsibilities in working with or supporting children is welcome. The every adult person is in a position of trust and authority over a child, the child depending on the adult to care and protect. The collective responsibility of protecting our children cannot be challenged by positions of unsound mind or insanity. Plan Australia has entrenched this policy while acknowledging its duties and obligations, and its commitment and willingness in associating with its associates to necessarily prevent and respond to child abuse, neglect, and exploitation. There are recognized and documented cases of individuals who commit offences that cause harm, or other damages to children working with or seeking employment opportunities in organizations that promote ideal conditions for the children. There is a higher inclination towards their appeal for overseas organizations. This policy is a pillar that will provide the children their safety and normal growth as a right rather than a chance as it seem to be. There are disciplinary measures and sanctions related to offences of child abuse, neglect and exploitation including criminal penalties under Australian domestic and extra-territorial laws. Legislative and Regulatory Context The Australian Commonwealth, State and Territory Laws in particular are concerned with the well-being of the children and expressly provide for the same in their legislation. The Criminal Code Act 1995 provides for child sex offences outside Australias jurisdiction, pornography material relating to a child, and offences relating to telecommunications. These provisions and legislations require prosecution of individuals engaged in child abuse, neglect exploitation activities outside Australia to be accordingly arrested and prosecuted by virtue of extra territorial application. The Child Protection (Prohibited Employment) Act 1998 (NSW) (CPPE Act) in the demystification of employment relating to a child to involve any kind of employment involving a child and is not strictly supervised. Current Policy situation and challenges, specific policy area or focus on the implications of a specific social work field of practice, Plan Australias section relating to Child Protection Compliance is bestowed with the responsibility of ensuring timely and effectively responding to issues relating to child abuse, neglect and exploitation, and issues of failure to comply with the policy, ensuring internal and external policy compliance, providing training for child protection for Plan Australia staff, engaging with other organizations and donors, regularly reviewing the policy. Sensitization of staff members on matters relating to child protection obligations as provided under the policy. It is the policy of Plan Australia to inform, educate and sensitize its staff regularly issues relating to child protection, their responsibilities under this policy, including compulsory offering relevant information that relate to issues of child abuse, neglect and exploitation. The members of staff of Plan Australia are required to urgently inform relevant authorities of any concerns including allegations relating to child abuse, neglect and exploitation, failure to comply with the provisions of this policy by staff and other members of the community. The staff members are required to fill child protection training sheet and consequently, accept the roles and obligations by signing Plan Australias Child Protection Code of Conduct. The compliance with this code is compulsory when an individual is a staff member of Plan Australia. Plan Australias internal recruitment procedures are highly strict and steps to ensure that individuals likely to engage in activities and actions that are detrimental to the normal development of a child are not allowed chance to be part of Plan Australia. The screening measures involve checking of an individuals criminal and background record to assess his or her suitability in order to guarantee the right people are entrusted with the responsibility of protecting and caring for the children. There is a developed internal structures and procedures by Plan Australia for dealing with reports involving child abuse, neglect and exploitation and ultimately the assurance of notifying relevant law enforcement agencies. Responsibilities and obligations required for informing relevant authorities and checking irresponsible characters are outlined by these procedures. Plan Australia is working in conjunction with the Australian Federal Police to strengthen interagency responses to child abuse, neglect and exploitation issues. Strict guidelines by Plan Australia are in place to ensure responsible use of its communications systems in relation to child exploitation information to the extent that any act of using the agencys systems to access information that is of abusive and exploitative to children or online exposure to such demeaning information is outside the agencys required moral duty and should be dealt with accordingly. This requires reporting the same to the law enforcement agencies. The risk management processes and procedures should incorporate child protection strategies. The Plan Australias business processes and procedures have embedded risk management procedures into a comprehensive set of compliance and control systems. The identification of risk factors to children is done in advance and is managed according to the provisions of this policy paper. Humanitarian disaster responses include management of risks related to children. The vulnerability of children available in places that are affected by emergencies and disasters is recognized by Plan Australia. The requirement by all organizations implementing Plan Australia humanitarian disaster response activities to comply with the policys child protection compliance standards is mandatory. Special consideration should be accorded to children when developing humanitarian disaster response activities. Plan Australias Child Protection Code of Conduct provides for strict standards relating to personal character required of every staff member of Plan Australia. Actions and behaviors that could be construed as child abuse, neglect or exploitation should be highly avoided by Plan Australia staff. The provision requiring compliance with the Australian Public Service Code of Conduct for all Australian employees is also in place. References Barron, I., Topping, K. (2010). School based child sexual abuse prevention programs: Implications for practitioners. Australian Professional Society on the Abuse of Children, 22(2/3), 11-19. Belsky, J. (1980). Child maltreatment: An ecological integration. Australian Psychologist, 4, 320335. Dahlberg, L. L., E. G. Krug. 2002. "Violence: A Global Public Health Problem." In World Report on Violence and Health, ed. E. G. Krug, L. L. Dahlberg, J. A. Mercy, A. B. Zwi, and R. Lozano, 121. Geneva: World Health Organization Finkelhor, D., Mitchell, K.J., and Wolak, J. (2005). Online victimization: What youth tell us. In S.W. Cooper, R.J. Estes, A.P. Giardino, N.D. Kellogg, V.I. Vieth (Eds.), Medical, legal, and social science aspects of child sexual exploitation: A comprehensive review of pornography, prostitution, and Internet crimes, Vol. 1 (pgs. 437-467). St. Louis, MO: GW Medical Publishing, Inc.